Akai MPC User's Guide Page 145

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Panning: The process or the result of changing a signal's position within the stereo panorama.
Pitchbend: Pitchbend is a MIDI message. Although pitchbend messages are similar in function to control
change messages, they are a distinct type of message. The resolution of a pitchbend message is
substantially higher than that of a conventional Controller message. The human ear is exceptionally
sensitive to deviations in pitch, so the higher resolution is used because it relays pitchbend information
more accurately.
Program: A Program is a file that contains a list of all samples to be used, and settings for each sample
(e.g., pad assignments, loop points, pitch tuning, effects, etc.) MPC's Program Edit Mode is where you
can edit and assign samples. The software can have a total of 128 Programs in a Project.
There are two kinds of Programs that use samples for their sound source: Drum Programs, mostly used
for creating Drum Programs and easy and quick assigning of samples to a pad, and Keygroups
Programs. With Keygroup Programs, you can use one sample (or more) and spread it across two or more
keys and play the sample chromatically over a keyboard. That way, there is no need to sample every key
of, for instance, a piano.
Program Change: These are MIDI messages that select sound Programs. Program numbers 1 through
128 can be changed via program change messages.
Release: An envelope parameter. This term describes the descent rate of an envelope to its minimum
value after a trigger is terminated. The Release phase begins immediately after the trigger is terminated,
regardless of the envelope's current status. For instance, the Release phase may be initiated during the
Attack phase.
Resonance: Resonance or emphasis is an important filter parameter. It emphasizes the frequencies
around the filter cutoff frequency by amplifing them with a narrow bandwidth. This is one of the most
popular methods of manipulating sounds. If you increase the emphasis to a level where the filter enters a
state of self-oscillation, it will generate a relatively pure sine waveform.
Root Key: The root key defines the original pitch of a recorded instrument or of a sample. Samples in the
software contain the dedicated root key information. This information will be created automatically during
recording or importing.
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